German holidays are an important consideration for UK travellers, business professionals and families planning trips to Germany. Public holidays in Germany affect business hours, transport schedules, retail access and tourist attractions.
If you are travelling from the UK for tourism, work or study, understanding German holidays will help you plan effectively and avoid disruptions.
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How Public Holidays Work in Germany
Germany observes national public holidays, but some holidays vary by federal state. This means certain regions may close businesses and offices while others operate normally.
Key features of German holidays:
- Public holidays are called “Feiertage”
- Shops are generally closed on public holidays
- Supermarkets do not usually open on Sundays or holidays
- Public transport may run on reduced schedules
- Regional variation applies to several religious holidays
Travellers should always check the specific federal state they are visiting.
National Public Holidays in Germany
The following holidays are observed nationwide across all German states:
New Year’s Day – 1 January
Marks the start of the year. Most businesses and shops are closed.
Good Friday
A Christian holiday observed in spring. It is a quiet day with restrictions on public entertainment in some states.
Easter Monday
Observed the day after Easter Sunday. Offices and shops remain closed.
Labour Day – 1 May
Known as “Tag der Arbeit”, this public holiday includes demonstrations and community events.
Ascension Day
Observed 40 days after Easter Sunday. It always falls on a Thursday.
Whit Monday
Also known as Pentecost Monday, observed 50 days after Easter.
German Unity Day – 3 October
This is Germany’s national day, marking reunification in 1990.
Christmas Day – 25 December
A major family holiday across Germany.
Second Day of Christmas – 26 December
Also a public holiday nationwide.
Regional Public Holidays in Germany
Some German holidays are only observed in certain states. Examples include:
- Epiphany – observed in Bavaria, Baden-Württemberg and Saxony-Anhalt
- Corpus Christi – observed in parts of western and southern Germany
- Assumption Day – observed in parts of Bavaria and Saarland
- Reformation Day – observed in several northern and eastern states
- All Saints’ Day – observed in Catholic-majority states
If you are planning business meetings or travel logistics, confirm whether your destination state observes the holiday.
Impact of German Holidays on UK Travellers
German holidays can significantly affect travel plans.
Retail Closures
Unlike in the UK, most German supermarkets and shopping centres close completely on public holidays. Petrol stations and airport shops may remain open.
Transport Adjustments
Public transport operates on Sunday or holiday timetables. Long-distance trains continue running but may be busier.
Accommodation Demand
Hotel prices can increase around major German holidays, especially during:
- Easter
- German Unity Day
- Christmas markets season
Advance booking is strongly recommended.
German School Holidays
In addition to public holidays, Germany has school holiday periods that vary by federal state. Unlike the UK, school holidays are staggered across regions to reduce travel congestion.
Main school holiday periods include:
- Winter holidays
- Easter holidays
- Summer holidays
- Autumn holidays
- Christmas holidays
Summer holidays typically run between June and September, depending on the state.
Best Time to Visit Germany
For UK travellers, timing your visit around German holidays depends on your priorities.
For Cultural Experiences
Visiting during German Unity Day or Christmas offers rich cultural experiences and seasonal markets.
For Fewer Crowds
Avoid major public holidays and peak summer school holidays if you prefer quieter attractions and lower hotel rates.
For Business Travel
Avoid scheduling meetings on public holidays or during regional breaks, as many offices will be closed.
German Holidays vs UK Bank Holidays
There are notable differences between German holidays and UK bank holidays:
- German shops close fully on public holidays
- The UK allows wider retail opening on bank holidays
- Germany has more region-specific holidays
- Sunday trading laws are stricter in Germany
UK visitors are often surprised by the extent of closures on German holidays.
Travel Planning Tips for German Holidays
- Check federal state holiday calendars before booking
- Book accommodation early during peak holiday periods
- Purchase train tickets in advance
- Stock up on essentials before public holiday closures
- Confirm opening hours for attractions and restaurants
These simple steps can prevent inconvenience during your stay.
Frequently Asked Questions About German Holidays
Are German holidays the same across the country?
No. Some holidays are national, while others apply only to specific federal states.
Are supermarkets open on German public holidays?
In most cases, supermarkets and retail shops are closed completely.
Does Germany have more public holidays than the UK?
Germany generally has more public holidays, especially when regional variations are included.
Final Thoughts
Understanding German holidays is essential for UK travellers planning trips for leisure, study or business. With strict retail closures and regional differences, preparation is key.
By checking official holiday calendars, confirming regional observances and booking travel early, you can ensure a smooth and well-organised visit to Germany at any time of year.